Aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand production by the gut microbiota is decreased in celiac disease leading to intestinal inflammation (Équipe Seksik - Sokol)

23 - Octobre - 2020

Bruno Lamas, Leticia Hernandez-Galan, Heather J Galipeau, Marco Constante, Alexandra Clarizio, Jennifer Jury, Natalia M Breyner, Alberto Caminero, Gaston Rueda, Christina LHayes, Justin LMcCarville, Miriam Bermudez Brito, Julien Planchais, Nathalie Rolhion, Joseph A Murray, Philippe Langella, Linda M P Loonen, Jerry M Wells, Premysl Bercik, Harry Sokol, Elena F Verdu

Sci Transl Med. 2020;12(566)

Metabolism of tryptophan by the gut microbiota into derivatives that activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) contributes to intestinal homeostasis. Many chronic inflammatory conditions, including celiac disease involving a loss of tolerance to dietary gluten, are influenced by cues from the gut microbiota. We investigated whether AhR ligand production by the gut microbiota could influence gluten immunopathology in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice expressing DQ8, a celiac disease susceptibility gene. NOD/DQ8 mice, exposed or not exposed to gluten, were subjected to three interventions directed at enhancing AhR pathway activation. These included a high-tryptophan diet, gavage with Lactobacillus reuteri that produces AhR ligands or treatment with an AhR agonist. We investigated intestinal permeability, gut microbiota composition determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, AhR pathway activation in intestinal contents, and small intestinal pathology and inflammatory markers. In NOD/DQ8 mice, a high-tryptophan diet modulated gut microbiota composition and enhanced AhR ligand production. AhR pathway activation by an enriched tryptophan diet, treatment with the AhR ligand producer L. reuteri, or pharmacological stimulation using 6-formylindolo (3,2-b) carbazole (Ficz) decreased immunopathology in NOD/DQ8 mice exposed to gluten. We then determined AhR ligand production by the fecal microbiota and AhR activation in patients with active celiac disease compared to nonceliac control individuals. Patients with active celiac disease demonstrated reduced AhR ligand production and lower intestinal AhR pathway activation. These results highlight gut microbiota-dependent modulation of the AhR pathway in celiac disease and suggest a new therapeutic strategy for treating this disorder.

Hôpital St-Antoine

Bâtiment Kourilsky
34 rue Crozatier
75012 PARIS

Sorbonne Université
27 rue Chaligny
75012 PARIS

Ce site utilise des cookies et vous donne le contrôle sur ce que vous souhaitez activer Tout accepter Personnaliser